As the World Bank: “Globalization – the growing integration of economies and societies around the world – was one of the most debated topics in international economics in recent years. The rapid growth and poverty reduction in China, India and other countries that were poor 20 years ago, has been a positive aspect of globalization. But globalization has also generated significant international opposition over concerns that it has increased inequality and environmental degradation. “Globalization is not seen as the last stage of human progress, but rather an” ideology imposed on the world by transnational corporations and their partners in government and universities.
These forces have increased their theories about the market economy, free trade, consumer choice and economic efficiency level of a religion – in fact, the level of a scientific fact, like the laws of physics – because it increases their profits and extend his political control. The main indications are to promote the globalization of free trade that led to the liberalization of markets and efficient, due to competitive advantage, the liberalization of FDI to increase capital flows to developing countries to markets international capital, which of course is reflected in the nature of multinational and multicultural relations. In collaboration with the interpenetration of capital of another very important aspect of globalization is happening mutual penetration of cultures on the basis of an exchange of goods, exports and imports. Thus, culture is created by globalization is based on consumerism, the culture of post-industrial societies like the United States and several developed countries of the European Union.
Since the effects are characterized, globalization is to some extent, Americanization and Westernization of the international society, social, economic and cultural, both positive and negative. Here I will focus on the negative in my mind as to the positive terminal may be offset by the loss of national cultural identities.
In the empirical study Daveri Francesco Paolo Manasse and suggests, when the company goes global, is mainly engaged in export activities, rather than producing for the local community or region, salaries Workers in this business does not grow, therefore, that specializes in exports will make workers more business that destroys the declaration of the globalists to intervene in the growth of international trade will bring more profits to workers. Of course, business owners enjoy greater benefits but not the majority of workers.
But bad news for the company, where globalization / westernization is increasing, growing uncertainty about the future a large part of society in its operational activities, therefore, sales, profits, l employment and prices. This is because all the global companies are closely linked and dependent on U.S. and European economies and their “evolution, because there are signs of deteriorating economic environment, companies are turning to the other side the world and compliance needs of customers there, which will affect many businesses because they are interdependent. There is however a good impact and prospects of career growth for the citizens of other developing countries who work for companies with foreign ownership operating in developing countries or firms that are export oriented goods to developed countries. In examining the effects of globalization on the effectiveness of the labor market, Noel Gaston discovered that free trade and globalization of markets for commodities has little effect on the skill premium in wages (about 10 — 20%), but other factors (especially technological change) are more important. “This implies that workers in the collection to non-qualified will increase as globalization and increased market efficiency due to higher U.S. market and European-oriented design comes to the international stage. But globalization and the concept of natural selection drive when only the strongest survive increasing differences in the rate of unemployment in different economic sectors and reduced the power of unions to demand minimum wage levels for workers. What can be drawn is that globalization is beneficial for developing countries will not support industries that are lagging behind other industries in growth, but instead, will accelerate the development of competitive industries and worsen the situation of firms experiencing problems.
The impact of globalization on civil society has many positive effects. The globalization of the economy of transnational corporations caused complementary processes in the civil institutions of democracy that has caused the spread of NGOs of different kinds. Since the establishment of United Nations agencies, has shown a tendency of the foundation of cultural studies and international organizations and education, to promote the principles of Western democratic societies and to oversee the implementation of the first world democracy whole. Human Rights Watch, the organizations bases Wounds, IREX and the number of other organizations contributing to the promotion of universal democratic values worldwide. NGOs have played a key role in promoting democratic freedoms in the fall of authoritarian regimes in Yugoslavia, the countries of the former Soviet Union, like Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan. In many respects the role of NGOs, especially in poor countries with funding of culture, education and national science programs should not be underestimated and fund a series of cultural events, educational programs, scientific and social projects, aspects that are beneficial to both national and international. For example, David Brown in his study states: “The growth of international NGOs and NGO alliances has also been shaped by Globalization, with effects particularly visible to provide service and disaster relief, policy analysis and advocacy, and social learning and troubleshooting. In terms of international NGOs and NGO alliances are emerging issues identified in the articulation of new norms and values, create or reform the institutional arrangements, encourage innovation in international practice, and helped to solve conflicts and differences. These contributions to international governance, in turn highlight the problems of democratic accountability and institutional framework of international NGOs and NGO alliances, and opportunities for multi-sectoral cooperation to solve complex problems of international governance.
